摘要：

含油浮渣处理一直是炼油企业的环保难题。采用超声辅助热碱洗-电化学法联合处理含油浮渣，先通过L ₉（3³）正交实验确定超声辅助热碱洗的最优反应条件，再通过单因素实验优化电化学反应条件。结果表明：当碱洗pH=10、温度=75 ℃、超声功率=700 W时，超声辅助热碱洗可将浮渣干基含油率由27.35%降至17.38%。以Ti/RuO₂-IrO₂为阳极的电化学处理，在泥水比为1∶2、电流密度为4 A/dm²、初始Cl^-质量浓度为10 g/L、反应时间为5 h时，处理效果最佳，浮渣干基含油率大幅降至1.75%，满足资源化利用标准。7种主要重金属离子（Zn、Mn、Cu、Ni、Cr、V和Pb）的去除率均超过65%，大大降低了浮渣资源化利用的潜在风险。

关键词: 含油浮渣, 热碱洗, 超声, 电化学, 重金属

Abstract:

The treatment of oily scum has always been a difficult environmental problem for oil refining enterprises. Oily scum was treated by ultrasonic-assisted thermoalkaline washing with electrochemistry. The optimal conditions of ultrasonic-assisted thermokalite washing were determined through L ₉（3³） orthogonal experiment，and the electrochemical reaction conditions were also optimized by single-factor tests. The optimal conditions for ultrasonic-assisted thermokalite washing were obtained at pH of 10，thermokalite washing temperature of 75°C，and ultrasonic power of 700 W，and the oil content on dry basis decreased from 27.35% to 17.38%. The optimal conditions for electrochemical treatment were the ratio of slurry to water of 1∶2，current density of 4 A/dm² and initial chloride ion mass concentration of 10 g/L. The oil content on dry basis of the scum was decreased to 1.75% after 5 hours reaction using Ti/RuO₂-IrO₂ electrode as anode，and met the resource utilization standard. Meanwhile，the removal efficiencies of the seven main heavy metal ions（such as Zn，Mn，Cu，Ni，Cr，V and Pb） in scum exceeded 65%，which greatly reduced the potential risk in the process of resource utilization of scum.

Key words: oily scum, thermokalite washing, ultrasonic, electrochemical, heavy metal

中图分类号: 

• X703.1