摘要：

以神东集团柳塔矿区餐厨垃圾为例，研究了过氧化氢（H₂O₂）预处理对餐厨垃圾性质及其厌氧发酵产酸效能的影响，并考察厌氧发酵液作为矿区污水处理厂碳源的脱氮除磷效果。结果发现，H₂O₂预处理可有效促进餐厨垃圾中溶解性有机物的释放，同时强化餐厨垃圾浆液的流动性，H₂O₂预处理后挥发性脂肪酸（VFAs）产量从10 810~18 131 mg/L增大到21 000~28 000 mg/L，发酵产物从丁酸转化为乙酸，餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵酸化效率大幅度提升。预处理后的餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵液作为碳源不会影响活性污泥中硝化菌群的功能特征，出水NH₄ ⁺-N小于1 mg/L，TP保持在0.5 mg/L以下，与葡萄糖作为碳源时的污水处理效果相当，说明矿区餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵液具有良好的可利用性。

关键词: 餐厨垃圾, 厌氧发酵, 有机碳源, 脱氮除磷

Abstract:

This work took the kitchen wastes from Liuta Mining Area of Shendong Coal as example, to investigate the effects of hydrogen peroxide(H₂O₂) pretreatment on the performance of kitchen waste and the production efficiency of volatile fatty acid(VFAs) from anaerobic fermentation. Then the nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect of wastewater treatment with anaerobic fermentation slurry from kitchen waste as carbon source were investigated. Results indicated that the H₂O₂ pretreatment could promote the release of dissolved organic matters in kitchen wastes and enhance the fluidity of kitchen waste slurry. As a result, the VFAs production after H₂O₂ pretreatment increased from 10 810-18 131 mg/L to 21 000-28 000 mg/L, while the dominant fermentation products were converted from butyric acid to acetic acid. These suggested that the H₂O₂ pretreatment achieved a significant improvement in the production efficiency of VFAs. Furthermore, when the anaerobic fermentation slurry from pre-treated kitchen waste as carbon source of wastewater treatment plants, the concentration of NH₄ ⁺-N and TP in the effluent was less than 1 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L, which was equivalent to the treatment effect when glucose was used as the carbon source. All these demonstrated that the kitchen waste in the mining area had good usability.

Key words: kitchen waste, anaerobic fermentation, organic carbon sources, nitrogen and phosphorus removal

中图分类号: 

• X703.1